As Medicare Advantage attracts a greater share of Medicare-eligible enrollees, switching from fee-for-service Medicare to MA has been on the rise since 2010 and peaked at 7.8% in 2021, according to new research published in Health Affairs. Researchers used data from the CMS Medicare Enrollment Database and the Risk Adjustment Processing System, and their primary objective was to understand where the bulk of new MA membership is coming from (i.e., FFS Medicare vs. new-to-Medicare) and those individuals' health profiles. After 2010, switching from MA to FFS Medicare consistently declined while switching in the other direction increased, with the greatest difference in rates occurring in 2021, when just 1.2% of individuals left MA for FFS Medicare, according to the analysis. (The switching rate was defined as the percentage of switchers out of the total number of switchers and stayers in either FFS Medicare or MA.) Between December 2021 and December 2022, the overall switching rate from FFS to MA averaged 7.4%, and men had a higher switching rate than women, researchers observed. During that time, the switch rate from FFS to MA was highest for Black beneficiaries (15.6%), closely followed by Hispanic beneficiaries (15.0%), and the lowest rate was among white enrollees (6.4%). Researchers noted their analysis was descriptive in nature and that they were not able to discern the underlying factors driving the observed switching patterns, such as aggressive marketing or attractive plan benefits. Moreover, the analysis did not differentiate between voluntary and involuntary switching. As the MA program continues to grow, however, “understanding reasons for switching will become important,” they observed.
After 2015 Mega-Breaches, Health Plans Dodge Major Cyberattacks — But Threats Remain
Data breaches have been pummeling health care organizations in recent years, and 2023 has proven no exception. But the largest number of breaches — as well as the ones affecting the most people — do not appear to be occurring at health plans lately. Industry experts tell AIS Health, a division of MMIT, that this is largely because U.S. health insurers have taken significant steps to shore up their cybersecurity defenses since a massive data breach roiled three Blue Cross Blue Shield-affiliated plans in 2015.
However, industry experts point out that even the most robust security protocols can’t prevent every attack — particularly as hackers get smarter. What’s more, soon-to-be-implemented federal regulations will ratchet up timely breach-reporting requirements on publicly traded companies.
News Briefs: Judge ‘Permanently’ Bans New York City From Executing Retiree MA Plan
Manhattan Supreme Court Justice Lyle Frank issued an order “permanently” banning New York City from pushing some 250,000 retirees and their dependents into a private Medicare Advantage plan managed by CVS Health Corp.’s Aetna. Led by Mayor Eric Adams (D), the city has spent the last couple of years trying to implement a group MA plan for its retired workers, who continue to protest the switch for a variety of reasons, namely that the plan goes against a longstanding promise to provide them with free and comprehensive health care coverage in retirement. Frank previously ruled that the proposal violated city law by charging retirees $191 per month to maintain their fee-for-service Medicare coverage. In July, Frank granted the petitioners’ request for a preliminary injunction, which temporarily barred the city from executing its plan. In a decision issued Aug. 11, Frank ordered that the city be “permanently enjoined from requiring any City retirees and their dependents from being removed from their current health insurance plan(s), and from being required to either enroll in an Aetna Medicare Advantage Plan or seek their own health coverage.” On Aug. 14, the NYC Office of Labor Relations posted a new update to its retiree health benefits webpage stating that there is “no Opt-Out or Waiver deadline in effect due to an injunction issued by the court” and all current health plans remain in effect. Meanwhile, Aetna appreciates the agreement between the plaintiff’s counsel and the city “to not conduct any additional hearings, briefings or discovery in order for Judge Frank to immediately issue his decision,” according to Rick Frommeyer, senior vice president with Aetna Group Retiree Solutions. “This approach speeds the appellate review of this matter. We look forward to the City’s appeal.”
News Briefs: Humana Raises Individual MA Membership Outlook to 825K Additions in ’24
Humana Inc. on Aug. 2 said it expects to enroll approximately 825,000 members in its individual Medicare Advantage products this year, adding another 50,000 members to its initial projections and reflecting year-over-year growth of 18%. For the quarter ending June 30, the MA-focused insurer reported adjusted earnings per share (EPS) of $8.94, up from $8.76 in the second quarter of 2022, and a medical loss ratio (MLR) of 86.3%, up from 85.8% a year ago. The company raised its full-year 2023 adjusted EPS guidance to “at least $28.25,” reflecting a 25-cent increase. Humana also highlighted “stabilizing” MA utilization based on its most recent claims activity and said it continues to predict a full-year MLR of between 86.3% and 87.3%.
CVS Health Corp. on Aug. 2 reported second-quarter 2023 consolidated revenues of $88.9 billion, including $26.7 billion in revenue for the health care benefits segment, and reflecting overall growth of 10.3% from the year-ago quarter. Adjusted operating income for the health care segment declined by nearly 20% from a year ago, partly because of increased outpatient utilization in Medicare Advantage when compared with pandemic-driven utilization levels in the prior year, CVS Health explained in a detailed earnings release. For the quarter ending June 30, the company recorded an MLR of 86.2%, compared with 82.7% in the year-ago quarter, and adjusted EPS of $2.21, down from $2.53 in the second quarter of 2022. CVS Health confirmed its adjusted EPS guidance range of $8.50 to $8.70.
Opportunity Beckons for Provider Groups Seeking MA Plan Sponsorship
Provider groups that want to sponsor a Medicare Advantage plan have multiple avenues of entering the market and competing with large national players — including building a plan from scratch. But funding, state licensure and other regulatory requirements are key considerations before taking the leap, according to experts who spoke during a recent webinar hosted by Manatt Health.
“There are a lot of players in the market, and a lot of providers are trying to figure out if this is a good strategy for them,” said Paul Carr-Rollitt, partner with Manatt Health, during the July 20 webinar, Creating Provider-Sponsored Medicare Advantage Plans: Opportunities, Risks and Keys to Success.
As the MA market expands, there is increasing interest among provider-based groups — from hospitals, health systems and physician associations — to make an entrance. While the market is currently “dominated by a few key players” and considered “highly concentrated,” that doesn’t mean provider-sponsored groups that are intrigued by the idea must be forced to the sidelines, Carr-Rollitt said.
2022 Medicare Advantage Audit Report Reflects Modest Penalties, Familiar Failures
There wasn’t much to be gleaned from CMS’s latest annual report on program audits of Medicare Advantage and Part D sponsors, and CMS wants it that way. According to the 2022 Part C and Part D Program Audit and Enforcement Report, published on July 18, just three MA insurers received a civil monetary penalty as the result of a program audit last year, with the average CMP around $21,000 — compared with an average of $65,247 in 2021 and $200,000 in 2019. CMS in the report said the amount of the CMP “does not automatically reflect the overall performance of a sponsor” and, similar to last year, warned against reaching “broad conclusions about the significance of deficiencies or performance across” the MA, Part D or Medicare-Medicaid Plan (MMP) programs.
News Briefs: CMS in 2022 Issued $200,000 in Fines for One-Third Financial Audit Findings
Only three Medicare Advantage insurers received a civil monetary penalty (CMP) as a result of a program audit last year, according to the 2022 Part C and Part D Program Audit and Enforcement Report published on July 18. CMPs based on 2022 program audit referrals totaled $63,220, and another $200,000 in fines stemmed from one-third financial audit findings. By contrast, the previous audit cycle resulted in approximately $1 million in CMPs issued based on 2021 referrals, and nearly half of that amount related to one-third financial audits. The latest audit cycle included 291 contracts under 25 separate parent organizations covering approximately 33.6 million, or 62%, of beneficiaries enrolled in the Parts C and D programs. CMS in the report said the amount of the CMP “does not automatically reflect the overall performance of a sponsor” and that the summary of findings is “not intended to reflect overall industry performance and should not be interpreted to mean that there are pervasive issues throughout the industry related to the noncompliance we identified.”
Facing Familiar Legal Challenges, NYC Must Put Aetna Retiree Plan on Hold
The City of New York and its retirees this month are experiencing déjà vu, and CVS Health Corp.’s Aetna is caught in the middle. The health insurer was slated to begin serving retired municipal workers and their eligible dependents on Sept. 1 via a Medicare Advantage PPO plan. But thanks to the latest court order in a years-long series of setbacks, the city’s plan to privatize retiree health coverage again is on hold.
Led by Mayor Eric Adams (D), the city was initially supposed to transition some 250,000 retirees and dependents to a private Medicare plan administered by Elevance Health, Inc., in January 2022. The move was delayed by a petition from retirees, and state Supreme Court Judge Lyle Frank ruled that the proposal violated city law by charging retirees $191 per month to maintain their fee-for-service Medicare coverage. Amid the legal challenges, NYC Comptroller Brad Lander declined to register the contract. After Elevance backed out of the deal, the city struck an agreement with Aetna to make its PPO plan the only premium-free coverage option.
CMS Treats MA Plans to Suspension of Auto-Forward IRE Data in Stars Calculation
In an effort to improve Medicare Advantage and Part D sponsors’ timeliness in processing Parts C and D coverage requests, CMS several years ago launched the Timeliness Monitoring Project (TMP) and began issuing fines to Part D plans with excessively high rates of “auto-forwarding” to the Independent Review Entity (IRE). And while CMS historically deducted one star from the appeals measure-level ratings based on IRE data integrity issues, the TMP also resulted in a scaled reduction intended to reflect the severity of the plan’s failures. Now, CMS is relieving MA organizations of that penalty by suspending the collection of Part C Organization Determinations, Appeals and Grievances (ODAG) universes for non-audited organizations that impacted the appeals measures.
Parts C and D sponsors are required to notify enrollees within specific time frames of their decisions on a coverage determination or redetermination. When plans miss that window, it’s considered an adverse decision, and sponsors are expected to automatically forward the case to the IRE within 24 hours. There are two Part C Star Ratings appeals measures that rely on data submitted to the IRE:
Experts Urge Strict Vendor Vetting Amid Reports of Trouble With ‘Papa Pals’
As health insurers increasingly try to address members’ social needs, some have turned to the company Papa Inc. to help tackle the problem of loneliness and isolation among seniors. Papa works by pairing homebound, elderly individuals with “pals” who provide companionship and help with daily tasks. But in certain cases, those interactions go terribly wrong — resulting in thefts, sexual harassment and even assaults, according to a recent Bloomberg Businessweek report in which the publication reviewed complaint reports.
One incident — in which a Capital District Physicians’ Health Plan (CDPHP) member reported lewd behavior from a pal — led the New York-based insurer to suspend all in-person pal visits and launch an investigation of the company’s practices. Another insurer tells AIS Health, a division of MMIT, that its members speak glowingly of the service. Still, industry experts say that the allegations against Papa should serve as a stern warning that health plans must thoroughly vet all vendors that interact with their members.