Medical Costs

Since Oregon placed a payment cap on hospitals for its state employee health plans, beneficiaries have seen a reduction in out-of-pocket spending and an increase in utilization, according to a recent JAMA Health Forum study. Roslyn Murray, Ph.D., the lead author, tells AIS Health that “there’s an appetite” from other states to implement similar price regulations, although they have faced pushback from providers.

The Oregon State Legislature passed a law in 2017 limiting in-network facility prices at 24 urban hospitals to 200% of Medicare prices and out-of-network hospital facility prices to 185% of Medicare prices. The legislation applied to members of the state employee plans, which provide benefits for two groups: educators in school districts and community colleges (known as the Oregon Educators Benefit Board) and employees of state agencies and universities (known as Public Employees Benefit Board).

In the first quarter of 2024, annual growth in health care spending exceeded the levels seen before the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet hospital inpatient admissions, on a per capita basis, remained lower than pre-pandemic levels, reflecting a shift to outpatient centers, according to a recent Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker analysis.

As many elective hospitalizations were canceled or delayed at the beginning of the pandemic, health care spending dipped in late 2019 and early 2020. Shortly after that, year-over-year growth in health services spending rebounded to pre-pandemic levels and remained high, with double-digit growth since early 2023. Nursing and residential care facilities spending saw year-over-year growth ranging from 10.0% to 13.4% since the beginning of 2023.

During the Wells Fargo Healthcare Conference on Sept. 4, executives from Centene Corp. and Humana Inc. shared new details about how the headwinds facing their Medicaid and Medicare businesses are expected to play out. And within those updates, there was both good and bad news.

Centene Chief Financial Officer Drew Asher said during his presentation that the firm is “continuing to get Medicaid pressure,” largely due to the resumption of routine eligibility checks that restarted last spring after a multiyear pause during the COVID-19 pandemic. Centene discussed the issue at length during its second-quarter earnings call in July, “and so you might ask, all right, what’s changed in the last month and a half?” Asher said. 

If Medicare Part D covered GLP-1 drugs for obesity, rather than just Type 2 diabetes, it could increase annual spending by $3.1 billion to $6.1 billion, according to a recent Health Affairs study.

The introduction of GLP-1 medications for treatment of diabetes and obesity has reignited the debate over Medicare’s prohibition on covering weight loss medications. In June, the House Ways & Means Committee advanced legislation that would provide a limited pathway for adults 65 and older to get anti-obesity GLP-1s covered by Medicare. The bill has not yet passed the full House.

The cost of providing health benefits to employees grew more than was projected in 2023 and is expected to rise by an eye-popping rate of 7.8% by 2025, according to an annual survey of large companies from the Business Group on Health. And to address those rising costs, employers are demanding greater accountability from their health plans, PBMs and other vendors.

“Health care costs is really the headline story of this year’s findings,” Ellen Kelsay, Business Group on Health president and CEO, said during an Aug. 20 virtual press briefing. Health care trend — or the rise in spending — was 6.8% in 2023, which was up from 4.6% in 2022 and greater than the 5.9% estimated trend.

If Medicare Part D covered GLP-1 drugs for obesity, rather than just Type 2 diabetes, it could increase annual spending by $3.1 billion to $6.1 billion, according to a recent Health Affairs study.

The introduction of GLP-1 medications for treatment of diabetes and obesity has reignited the debate over Medicare’s prohibition on covering weight loss medications. In June, the House Ways & Means Committee advanced legislation that would provide a limited pathway for adults 65 and older to get anti-obesity GLP-1s covered by Medicare. The bill has not yet passed the full House.

One year in, most of the initial active participants in CMS’s Enhancing Oncology Model (EOM), a value-based, patient-centered care model, are still involved in the program. Participants tell AIS Health, a division of MMIT, that overall, the experience is going well, but some concerns exist around issues including social determinants of health (SDOH) and whether the reimbursement is appropriate for what CMS is requiring.

The purpose of the EOM is “to drive transformation in oncology care by preserving or enhancing the quality of care furnished to beneficiaries undergoing treatment for cancer while reducing program spending under Medicare fee-for-service.” CMS says it “envision[s]” that the model not only will improve quality but also lower costs “because its payment methodology is aligned with care quality, and because EOM participants will have significant opportunities to redesign care and improve the quality of care furnished to beneficiaries receiving care for certain cancers.” The model makes physician practices accountable for total costs of care.

Some findings from the new report by Pharmaceutical Strategies Group (PSG), an EPIC company, may have seemed like old news: AbbVie Inc.’s Humira (adalimumab) was the top specialty drug in terms of spend. Inflammatory treatments dominated the top 10 of those agents. But the 2024 Artemetrx State of Specialty Spend and Trend Report, released July 25, also revealed some new findings, including that rebates had a smaller impact in 2023 than they did the previous year and that cost per claim played a bigger role in the 2023 specialty drug trend than it did in the prior time frame.

PSG based the report — which is sponsored by Walmart Specialty Pharmacy — on integrated pharmacy and medical claims data from the book of business for its proprietary SaaS platform Artemetrx. In its eighth year, the newest report is based on 138 million medical claims and 136 million pharmacy claims. The findings are based mainly on commercial health plans.

Some findings from the new report by Pharmaceutical Strategies Group (PSG), an EPIC company, may have seemed like old news: AbbVie Inc.’s Humira (adalimumab) was the top specialty drug in terms of spend. Inflammatory treatments dominated the top 10 of those agents. But the 2024 Artemetrx State of Specialty Spend and Trend Report, released July 25, also revealed some new findings, including that rebates had a smaller impact in 2023 than they did the previous year and that cost per claim played a bigger role in the 2023 specialty drug trend than it did in the prior time frame.

PSG based the report — which is sponsored by Walmart Specialty Pharmacy — on integrated pharmacy and medical claims data from the book of business for its proprietary SaaS platform Artemetrx. In its eighth year, the newest report is based on 138 million medical claims and 136 million pharmacy claims. The findings are based mainly on commercial health plans.

Of all privately insured markets, Medicare Advantage had the highest gross margins per member in 2023, reaching $1,982, according to a new analysis from KFF on insurers’ financial performance. Margins have been consistently higher in MA than other sectors over the past decade. KFF pointed out that while gross margins are generally one good indicator of financial performance, they do not necessarily mean higher profitability, as gross margins do not account for any administrative costs or tax liabilities. Researchers analyzed data compiled by Mark Farrah Associates based on information provided by insurers to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners.